Centre for Child and Family Science 兒童與家庭科學中心 
Chinese Videos 中文版短片
父母「童」行 Take a SIP 是香港教育大學兒童與家庭科學中心的一項重點發展項目。Take a SIP裡的SIP是Science Informed Parenting的意思：我們希望運用實証為本的親職技巧，與所有父母同行﹗這個項目會推出13集有趣而生活化的家庭教育短片。每一集，我們的家庭教育專家都會用簡單易明的方法，與大家分享不同的親職技巧，希望可以幫助家長更有效支持小朋友的成長﹗
我們邀請了18個家庭參與不同的活動和遊戲，即場體驗我們介紹的親職技巧，觀眾可能會從中這些家庭的即時互動中，看到自己生活的影子。我們為大家講解的親職技巧，不需要太多資源也可以做到，只要家長願意學習、堅持理念，日常生活中的一個小改變，就可以在小朋友身上成就一個大分別﹗
一邊玩手機一邊陪伴孩子﹖研究告訴我們，當家長在親子時間用電話，小孩的問題行為相對較多！父母只要每日花20至30分鐘專注陪伴孩子，就能有效改善孩子的行為表現，增強其創意及探索能力。
想孩子更勤力溫習，在學業上做得更好？原來孩子對能力發展的看法有兩種：「固定心態」和「成長心態」。研究指，擁有「成長心態」的孩子成績更好，面對不同困難時，更願意嘗試用不同策略去處理。
家長可以做什麼去幫助小朋友主動學習？原來讓孩子看新奇有趣的事物，就可以刺激他們興趣和探索﹗孩子在家長引導下發現新知識，更可以加深他們的記憶，並將學到的新知識靈活運用到新場景﹗
當孩子與家長分享他們的喜悅時，如果家長能夠即時回應，表現興奮，向孩子表達興趣，並擴張孩子的話語，就可以帶動孩子的正面情緒，提升孩子與家長之間的關係。學者稱這個親職技巧為「正面建構」。
小朋友遇到不如意事而出現負面情緒很正常。家長普遍的做法是盡快讓小朋友冷靜下來，或立即替小朋友解決問題。「積極聆聽」則希望家長先反映小朋友的情緒、表達同理心，再與小朋友一起調節情緒、解決問題。
很多家長都覺得自己的小朋友做事總是「三分鐘熱度」﹗家長可以做什麼去提升小朋友的專注力？研究發現「媒介學習」是一個有效的方法﹗「媒介學習」有四步曲：
一、家長先將小朋友的注意力集中在一件物件上。
二、家長和小朋友一起通過五感探索物件。
三、家長提問問題，將物件和小朋友的日常生活連結起來。
四、家長幫助小朋友理解物件的用途。
每個家長都希望自己的小朋友開心快樂地成長。在疫情當中，家長更加想盡辦法保持小朋友的精神健康。研究告訴我們，懂得感恩的小朋友較容易感到開心、較容易對自己的生活感到滿足。面對不同的壓力事件，他們亦顯得更有抗逆能力。家長可以與小朋友一同製作感恩日記，並不時重溫回顧，培養小朋友「感恩的心」。
EP10 同理心‧童你深
大人有壓力，小朋友也有壓力﹗家長如何可以提升小朋友的情緒智商，讓他們好好面對成長的挑戰呢？原來只要教導小朋友情緒詞彙，幫助他們認識不同情緒的名稱，就可以提升他們的情緒智商。小朋友認識的情緒詞彙愈多，他們對人會更有同理心，亦更能調節自己的情緒。
EP11 對談式閱讀
不知各位家長有沒有和小朋友講故事的習慣呢？原來使用對談式閱讀法去講故事，可以更有效提升小朋友的語言能力和閱讀興趣。對談式閱讀法鼓勵家長在講故事時：
- 完成句子
- 回想情節
- 運用開放式問題及六何問題
- 把故事聯繫至日常生活
- 提供即時回應
孩子總有不聽話的時候。家長如何處理孩子的錯失，對孩子的發展影響深遠。「誘導」可以有效處理孩子不聽話的問題。誘導分有四部曲：
- 清楚點出孩子做錯了什麼
- 告訴孩子這件事怎樣影響到別人
- 教導孩子可以用什麼方法達到同樣目的
- 告訴孩子現在可以怎樣彌補錯失
運用描述讚美，對孩子的行為、努力及策略作出準確、真誠及即時的讚美，孩子將來面對困難時會更堅持，長大後亦更有成就。
English Videos 英文版短片
Take a SIP is a flagship project by The Centre for Child and Family Science at the Education University of Hong Kong. SIP stands for “Science Informed Parenting.” Our goal is to promote parenting skills that are supported by scientific research. We will use 13 short videos to demonstrate different parenting skills. We hope that these quick and easy tips can help parents promote the development of their children!
We engaged 18 families in different games and activities, so that they could see the effectiveness of the parenting skills that we recommended. You may be able to see yourself in the unscripted interactions of these families! Some skills and techniques are obvious; others are more subtle. Consistency is the key, however: By making a small, consistent change in everyday interactions, your children will show a big difference in their behaviors!
Using your smartphones when playing with your children? Research indicates that children show more behavioral problems when their parents use their smartphones during parent-child shared time. Parents should budget 20-30 minutes of “no-phone time” every day to fully attend to their children—it will empower them to create and explore.
Sometimes, children do not seem to be very responsive to the commands of their parents—are children being disobedient, or they simply do not understand the commands?
Giving commands is an art! Positively worded and step-by-step commands are easier to follow and more effective in shaping children’s behaviors!
Do you want to help your children work harder and do better in school? There are two different ways of understanding ability development: “fixed mindset” versus “growth mindset.” Research shows that children with growth mindset have better grades. They are also more willing to use different strategies to solve problems.
How can parents help their children learn actively? Showing children interesting and unexpected things can stimulate their curiosity and trigger their exploration! When children formulate new knowledge through the guidance of their parents, children have more vivid memory of such knowledge. Children also are better able to generalize the new knowledge to other settings!
EP5 Walking together when things are good
When children share their good news, if their parents can respond immediately, showing interest and excitement and expanding the words of children, children can relive their happy moments and experience the love of their parents. This is a parenting technique coined “active constructive responses” by researchers.
EP6 Walking together when times are bad
It is very normal for children to show negative emotions when they are having a bad time. Many parents respond to children’s negative emotions by asking them to calm down immediately, or to solve problems for children at once. “Active listening” requires that parents first show empathy by reflecting children’s emotions.
Many parents find their children easily distracted. What can parents do to help focus the attention of their children? Research indicates that “mediated learning” is an effective method! “Mediated learning” involves 4 steps:
- Direct children’s attention to a concrete object.
- Motivate children to explore the object using five senses.
- Ask questions about the object, linking it to the real life experience of children.
- Introduce the functions of the object.
All parents hope their children can grow up happily. During the COVID-19 outbreak, many parents have been using different methods to maintain the mental well-being of their children. Research tells us that grateful children are happier and more satisfied with their lives. In the face of stress, they are also more resilient. To promote their children’s gratitude, parent can help their children keep a gratitude diary and review the happy memories from time to time.
Have you ever tried using behavioral charts to help your children learn good behaviors? Has it been effective? When using behaviorial charts, we need to:
1. Set clear goals
2. Avoid negatively worded goals
3. Review successful experiences
4. Review the reasons behind these successful experiences
5. Praise descriptively and fulfil promises
Adults have to deal with many stressors, so do children! How can parents improve their children’s emotion quotient, preparing them for all the challenges ahead? Parents can boost their children’s emotion quotient by teaching them emotion vocabularies, helping them label emotions. Children who know more emotion vocabularies are not only more empathetic, but also better able to regulate their own emotions!
Do you regularly tell stories to your children? Research shows that dialogical reading is effective in promoting children’s language abilities and interest in reading. When using dialogical reading, parents engage their children by
- Completing sentences
- Recalling story plots
- Asking open-ended questions & Wh-questions
- Linking the story to daily experiences
- Responding immediately
All children make mistakes. How parents handle children misbehavior has important implications for children’s long term development. Parents can use induction to deal with their children’s misbehavior. Induction involves 4 steps:
- Pointing out exactly what the child did was wrong
- Telling the child how the behaviors have affected others
- Teaching the child alternative methods to achieve the same goal
- Telling the child how to make amends now
EP13 It’s More Than A “Good Job”
Would “too much” praising spoil children? Research shows that descriptive praises—praises that are specific, genuine, and immediate, for children’s actions, efforts and strategies—make children more resilient in the face of challenges and more successful in the long run!
When children play at home, they often play with toys. But, actually parents can collect loose parts and host their “unique” playtime at home!
Loose parts are commonly seen things that can be easily picked up and put together by children. Children love using loose parts to create pictures. With parents’ guidance, playing with loose parts may promote children’s expressivity and creativity!
Stress is a normal part of life, so parents and children have to learn how to deal with stress. Mindful exercises can help us explore our immediate experiences with full attention. Research indicates that mindful exercises can help us deal with stress and—at least momentarily—put our problems aside, which can improve parent-child and family relationships!
Here, we introduce 3 mindful exercises: mindful walking, mindful breathing and mindful eating.
Parenting Book 《父母童行》75個實證為本的家教貼士
很多家長都想知道更多關於教養孩子的資訊，但坊間有各式各樣的說法，究竟哪種說法才信得過呢？有見及此，香港教育大學兒童與家庭科學中心聯席總監林俊彬博士與教育心理學家張溢明先生共同著作了《父母童行–75個實證為本的家教貼士》，希望為各位家長介紹具研究基礎的親職教養方法。
書內有75個小貼士，涵蓋情緒、社交、身體及認知發展4個範疇，還有熱門話題篇，並附有4個親子遊戲。
Games 親子小遊戲
點格棋只需要一張紙、兩枝筆。家長可以隨時和孩子玩點格棋，讓孩子愉快地學習數學。
玩法：在紙上畫上正方形排列的點，預備不同顏色的筆，將相鄰的點以直線或橫線連上，圍上正方形的玩家佔領該正方形，最多正方形的玩家勝出。
學者發現孩子對能力發展有兩種不同的想法：擁有「成長心態」的孩子，認為能力取決於後天因素，只要多動腦筋多練習，人自然會變得聰明些。擁有「固定心態」的孩子，則認為能力取決於先天因素，天生聰明的人就會聰明一輩子，後天鍛練其實用處不大。
數據顯示，擁有「成長心態」的孩子，比擁有「固定心態」的孩子，更用心做功課、更願意嘗試用不同策略去解決問題，成績亦愈見進步。我們的大腦裡面有很多腦細胞，腦細胞之間有一些連結，腦細胞建立更多連結，我們就會變得更聰明。《大腦工程師》讓孩子從遊戲中訓練腦細胞建立連結，培養成長心態。
抓（讀：畫）子是傳統遊戲，現今世代的小朋友未必認識抓子，但原來這個遊戲可以訓練手眼協調能力、促進大小肌肉發展。各位家長還可以和孩子分享兒時玩意，讓孩子也了解父母小時候的生活。
骨牌接龍的玩法相當簡單，28隻骨牌，骨牌兩端由0至6的點數組成，玩家只要將自己的牌和桌上的牌其中一端點數對應便可出牌，最快出完所有骨牌的玩家勝出。骨牌接龍可以訓練孩子的觀察力和計算能力，有助孩子在遊戲中學習。骨牌還有很多其他玩法，家長可以和孩子一同嘗試不同的骨牌玩法！
情緒記憶遊戲可訓練記憶力、觀察力及專注力。情緒圖案可助孩子認識情緒詞彙。
玩法：將牌洗勻，背面向上，整齊放在桌上。每個玩家輪流翻出兩張牌，若兩張卡一樣則可將卡取回自己身邊；若兩張卡不一樣則需將卡翻回背面向上，然後換下一位玩家翻牌。
DIY 親子小手工
感官瓶可以刺激幼兒的感官發展，亦有助幼兒的社交、情感、認知及身體發展。 家長可以在製成感官瓶後，利用感官瓶與幼兒進行遊戲或活動。感官瓶製作方法及遊戲可參閱《親子感官瓶》小冊子。
Board Games 紙板遊戲
Downloads 其他下載
父母童行24個長處WhatsApp貼圖包
？正向心理學家發現，如果家長可以留意到孩子的長處，並於日常生活準確讚美孩子這些長處，孩子的生活會更快樂，面對困難時亦會更堅持。